Insect pollinators, such as bees and butterflies, are in decline across the globe. This decline is driven by a combination of beehive pests, such as varroa, habitat loss, climate change and use of agricultural chemicals.
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Improving the efficiency of conservation programmes is desirable in order to make the most of limited conservation funding.
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Agri-environment schemes (AES) have been implemented across Europe as a way to restore and maintain biodiversity in agricultural landscapes. AES often target pollinators, such as wild bees and hoverflies, as they can improve yields of nearby pollinator-dependent crops.
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AES can use a variety of measures to try to reverse declines in farmland biodiversity, although the general principle is to reduce the intensity of farmland management.
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